七五三
毎年11月15日に、3歳・7歳の女児と5歳の男児を、お宮詣りに連れていく慣習を七五三という。天和元年(1681年)11月15日に徳川綱吉が長男徳松(1679-1683)の健康を祈って始まったとされる。しかし徳松は3年後、5歳で夭折した。やがて武家社会の習俗として広まり、5歳の男児の祝いを「袴着」、7歳の女児の祝いを「帯解き」といっていたものが、明治以後一般化した。しかし、子供の成長段階のある時期に厄払いする習慣はかなり古くからあり、地方によっては男女3歳のときに「髪置きの祝い」と称して、身分を問わず頂髪を置く習慣があり、7歳の女児は「おびとき」「おびむすび」の祝いといい、部落の祭礼の日を選んでお宮詣りする風習もあったという。いずれにせよ、子供の死亡率の高かった昔は、3、4歳のころはじめて人別帳や氏子帳に登録をしたり、7歳前の子供の死亡は本葬を行わないという習わしもあったほどであるから、子供が3・5・7歳という幼児期の節目を無事に通過して成長したことを感謝し、将来の健康を祈ったということはうなずけることである。なお11月15日は霜月祭(氏神祭)に当たる。
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